Royal Python (Python regius) in a dry vivarium setup

Snakes · Care guide

Royal Python Care Guide

Python regius

Endemic to Africa and an extremely popular pet snake — easy care and a docile nature. Dry heat with a probe target of 84 °F, Shadedweller Max UV, a wet box for the humidity they seek in termite mounds, and a rodent diet sized to girth (often picky feeders).

At a glance

Quick facts

Key parameters for day-to-day husbandry. Full detail is in the sections below.

  • Daytime probe

    84 °F

    29 °C · thermostat sensor

  • Night drop

    ~10 °F

    ~74 °F · ~23 °C

  • Diet

    Rodents

    By girth · picky feeders

  • UVB

    Shadedweller Max

    Ceiling-mounted UV

01 · Housing

Enclosure & housing

Less active than many snakes; they like to hide by day. Give floor cover — hides on both ends, branches and tunnels, a wet box with damp moss (termite-mound humidity substitute), artificial plants, dry substrate, and a clear temperature gradient. Male adult minimum 36″ × 24″ × 18″; female 48″ × 24″ × 18″.

Adult minimum size

♂ 36″ × 18″ × 24″ · ♀ 48″ × 18″ × 24″

Male: 36″ wide × 24″ tall × 18″ deep. Female: 48″ × 24″ × 18″, or larger. Dry setup with heat bulb, Shadedweller Max UV, wet box (termite-mound humidity), and cool-side water bowl.

Decor

  • Minimum 2 hides — one cool side, one hot side
  • Fill the ground with hides, branches and tunnels for security and enrichment
  • Wet box with damp moss — humidity they regularly use (wild termite-mound substitute)
  • Artificial plants for natural aesthetic appeal
  • Water bowl on the cool side

Substrate

  • Dry species — pelleted straw bedding or any meant for dryer species
  • Avoid fine mineral sands that can cause impaction

Cleaning

  • Daily: spot clean to limit bacteria and odours
  • About every six weeks: full clean if kept relatively clean — replace substrate, disinfect decor and vivarium

Housing diagram

Enclosure example

Front view 36″ wide × 24″ tall (depth 18″) · male adult minimum · female 48″ × 24″ × 18″ · hides · branches · tunnels · wet box · foliage · cool water bowl

Example Royal Python vivarium front view at 36 inches wide by 24 inches tall (male adult minimum) Front elevation of an adult male Royal Python vivarium at 36 by 24 inch proportions (3:2 front). Heat dome on the warm left about one-quarter of the way in, Shadedweller Max UV on the ceiling, climbing branches under the heat, hides on warm and cool ends, an open arched tunnel, a wet box with damp moss for humidity and shedding, artificial plants, a water bowl on the cool-end floor, and dry pelleted straw substrate. Depth is 18 inches. Adult male minimum 36 by 24 by 18 inches; adult female 48 by 24 by 18 inches or larger. ADULT MALE MINIMUM · FRONT 3:2 36″ W × 18″ D × 24″ H · ♀ 48″ × 18″ × 24″ 24″ tall 36″ wide · depth 18″ · height 24″ (♂) Branches Foliage Hides Tunnel Wet box Water bowl Dry substrate WARM COOL
  • Front proportions — 36″ wide × 24″ tall (3:2) male adult minimum; depth 18″ · female 48″ × 24″ × 18″ or larger
  • Branches & tunnels — fill the ground for security and enrichment (less active than some snakes)
  • Hides — minimum two: one cool side, one hot side
  • Wet box — damp moss; substitutes the humidity they seek in termite mounds in the wild
  • Water bowl — cool side; replace daily with de-chlorinated or bottled water
  • Substrate — dry pelleted straw or other dry-species bedding; daily spot clean, full clean about every six weeks

Setup diagram · 1 of 2

Top-down view

Heat bulb & probe left–right positions · Recommended temps need this layout

Vivarium top-down: heat bulb and thermostat probe positions Rectangular vivarium viewed from above. Heat bulb one-quarter of the way from the left side, halfway between front and back. Thermostat sensor one-quarter of the way from the right side, along the back wall. BACK FRONT Heat bulb ¼ from side · mid depth Thermostat probe ¼ opposite · back wall hangs to near floor WARM COOL ≈ ¼ ≈ ¼

Setup diagram · 2 of 2

Front view

Looking into the vivarium · bulb on the ceiling · probe hangs down the back

Vivarium front view: heat bulb and thermostat probe heights and side positions Front elevation of the vivarium. Heat bulb sits on the ceiling about one-quarter from the left. Thermostat probe hangs down the back wall about one-quarter from the right, with the sensor tip a few inches above the floor. CEILING FLOOR / SUBSTRATE back wall (behind) Heat bulb on ceiling · ≈ ¼ from side few inches Thermostat probe hangs down the back ≈ ¼ from opposite side WARM COOL ≈ ¼ ≈ ¼
  • Heat bulb — about one-quarter from one side, halfway front to back (on / through the ceiling)
  • Probe — one-quarter from the opposite side, hanging down the back, resting a few inches from the floor

02 · Climate

Temperature & UVB

Dry heat with a clear cool-to-warm gradient, Shadedweller Max UV, and a wet box for humidity and shedding rather than high ambient humidity.

Daytime temperature gradient

When the heat bulb and thermostat sensor are placed as instructed, a probe target of 84 °F (29 °C) creates this spread. The probe point is not the basking spot.

Daytime temperature gradient by zone, plus night drop
Zone Temperature
Cool side 78–80 °F (26–27 °C)
Probe point (thermostat probe target) 84 °F (29 °C)
Middle 84–88 °F (29–31 °C)
Warm side 90–95 °F (32–35 °C)
Basking spot ~100 °F (~38 °C)
Night drop Reduce thermostat by 74 °F (23 °C) at night · ~10 °F drop

Photoperiod & night

  • Winter: about 12 hours light/heat
  • Summer: up to 16 hours when days are longer
  • Night: reduce thermostat by ~10 °F (~6 °C) to 74 °F (23 °C)
  • Night drop lets metabolism slow — essential for the snake

UVB lighting

  • Shadedweller Max — recommended even though snakes are generally nocturnal
  • They may access UV in daylight (even while resting with part of the body exposed)
  • Mount on the ceiling of the vivarium
  • Heat about 12 hours in winter and up to 16 hours in summer

Climate diagram

Lighting setup

Shadedweller Max on the ceiling · heat dome on the warm side · match UV to heat

Vivarium lighting: Shadedweller Max on ceiling and heat dome on warm side Front view of a Royal Python vivarium. A Shadedweller Max UV unit sits on the ceiling. A heat bulb in a dome sits on the warm side, about one-quarter from the left. UV and heat follow the same on/off schedule. Daytime heat is about 12 hours in winter and up to 16 hours in summer when days are longer. CEILING FLOOR Shadedweller Max Ceiling mount · for snakes Heat bulb / dome Warm side · ≈ ¼ from end WARM COOL PHOTOPERIOD (UV HOURS) Winter ~12 h Summer up to 16 h
  • Shadedweller Max — ceiling-mounted; snakes may access UV during daylight even when largely nocturnal
  • Heat dome — warm side (~¼ from end); same on/off routine as UV
  • Day length — about 12 hours in winter, up to 16 hours in summer when days are longer
  • Night drop — reduce thermostat ~10 °F in the evening so metabolism can slow

Dry species · wet box

  • Main enclosure is dry — pelleted straw or other dry-species bedding
  • Add a wet box with damp moss — they regularly use it (wild humidity from termite mounds)
  • Cool-side water bowl for drinking; replace daily with de-chlorinated or bottled water
First power-up tip

Always have the thermostat dial turned down before you plug it into the mains for the first time. Set the probe to 84 °F (29 °C) for daytime once the heat bulb and sensor are in place.

03 · Nutrition

Diet & feeding

Rodent feeders sized to girth. Settle first, then build a steady schedule — Royals are well known as picky feeders.

At a glance

Feeding cheat sheet

Prey
Frozen prey – always feed thawed prey (rodent feeders)
Schedule
Young 2×/week · sub-adults every 5 days · adults 1×/week
Food size
Match girth of the snake (not head size) — roughly as thick as the body
When
Evening / overnight preferred · allow overnight to eat · remove uneaten by morning

Prey size & schedule

Relative to girth · ask staff if sizing is unclear

  • Young growing snakes — twice a week
  • Sub-adults — about every five days
  • Adults — about once a week
  • Larger prey items — every 2–3 weeks can be appropriate
  • Aim for a mouse or rat roughly as thick as the snake’s body (not head size)
  • Move up a size if a meal leaves no noticeable bulge a few hours after eating

Feeding routine

  • Allow the snake to settle before offering food — new arrivals often will not eat well for the first few days
  • Some take food from tweezers; others prefer floor and overnight — give ample overnight time
  • If uneaten by morning, throw the mouse or rat away and try again on the next scheduled feed
  • Do not offer more frequently than usual — that can stress the snake
  • Missing the occasional meal is fine — they do not feed to a strict wild regime

Water

  • Drink from water bowls — place one on the cool side
  • Replace water daily
  • Treat with a de-chlorinator such as Reptisafe, or use bottled water
Shedding & natural fasts When not to feed · breeding · slough cycle

Snakes may naturally refuse food at times — breeding season (males especially can go off feed for many months), and during shed (slough). The shed process can take 1–2 weeks; you may not notice the very beginning.

  • Skin looks dull, belly creamy, then eyes go blue — height of shed; they usually will not feed
  • Eyes clear and colour looks a little clearer — old skin lifting; about 2–3 days until the actual shed
  • Do not feed during this period; wait until you find a shed, then feed on the next due date

Speak to a member of staff if feeding concerns continue after settlement and shed cycles.

04 · Behaviour

Handling & behaviour

Patience first. Settling and regular feeding come before handling.

  1. Step 1

    Settle first

    Allow the snake to settle and begin eating regularly before handling — we recommend at least two successful feeds first. Adapting is stressful; early handling can make it worse.

  2. Step 2

    Short sessions

    Initial sessions: 5–10 minutes only. Lengthen as the snake becomes more comfortable.

  3. Hygiene

    Wash hands

    Always wash or disinfect hands before and after handling to prevent bacteria transfer both ways.

  4. Warning

    No aerosols

    Do not use aerosols or plug-in air fresheners near the enclosure — the chemicals can harm reptiles.

05 · Welfare

Health & welfare

Prevention starts with correct husbandry — heat, UV, hydration, and safe substrate working together.

Best prevention: good husbandry

Correct temperatures, hydration, and UV where used keep the immune system and gut working well — supporting essential physiological processes.

Inert substrates Paper, lino, carpet — pros & cons

Pros

  • Lower impaction risk

Cons

  • Limit natural behaviours such as digging
  • Remove natural digging behaviour
  • Can increase faecal contamination (waste less absorbed than traditional substrates)

Questions

FAQ

What size vivarium does a Royal Python need?

Adult male minimum is a wooden vivarium 36″ wide × 24″ tall × 18″ deep; adult female 48″ × 24″ × 18″, or larger. They are not particularly active compared with some snakes. Use dry pelleted straw or other dry-species bedding, at least two hides (cool and hot), branches and tunnels, a wet box with damp moss (humidity they seek in termite mounds in the wild), artificial plants, and a cool-side water bowl. Heat bulb with the ¼/¼ probe method and Shadedweller Max UV.

What temperatures does a Royal Python need?

Set the thermostat probe to 84 °F (29 °C) by day with the heat bulb about one-quarter from one side and the probe one-quarter from the opposite side, hanging down the back a few inches from the floor. That creates a gradient of about 78–80 °F cool, 84–88 °F middle, 90–95 °F warm, and around 100 °F under the basking bulb. At night reduce the thermostat by about 10 °F to 74 °F (23 °C).

What UV and photoperiod do they need?

Although snakes are generally nocturnal, use a Shadedweller Max UV system — research supports that they may access UV during daylight hours. Mount on the ceiling. Daytime heat 12 hours in winter and up to 16 hours in summer.

When can I start handling my Royal Python?

Allow the snake to settle and begin eating regularly before handling — at least two successful feeds first. Early sessions 5–10 minutes only; lengthen as they become more comfortable. Wait about 24–48 hours after feeding before handling so digestion is not interrupted. Always wash or disinfect hands before and after. No aerosols or plug-in air fresheners near the enclosure.

How often should I feed a Royal Python?

Young snakes twice a week while growing; sub-adults about every five days; adults about once a week. Larger prey items may mean every 2–3 weeks. Prey size should match the snake’s girth (not head size). Royals are well known as picky feeders — if they refuse regularly, speak to staff about tempting tricks. Do not feed during shed; wait until after the shed is complete.

Next steps

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